CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern

Latest CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27 – Get the official syllabus with a chapter-wise breakdown, marking scheme, and expert study tips. Download the official PDF at the end!

Overview of CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27

The Class 10 CBSE syllabus for Science is crucial for board exams and sets the foundation for higher classes. The 2026-27 syllabus includes competency-based questions, increased focus on application-based learning, and internal assessments.

Course Structure: Class X (2026-27)

Annual Examination
Time: 3 Hours
Total Marks: 80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment) = 100

Detailed Syllabus

Theme 1: Materials

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour

1. Chemical Reactions and Equations

• Chemical reactions & writing chemical equations
• Balanced chemical equations
• Types of reactions:
  • Combination reaction
  • Decomposition reaction
  • Displacement reaction
  • Double displacement reaction
  • Precipitation reaction
  • Endothermic & exothermic reactions
  • Oxidation and reduction

2. Acids, Bases and Salts

• Definitions:
  • Acids → produce H⁺ ions
  • Bases → produce OH⁻ ions
• Identification using indicators
• Chemical properties, examples, and uses
• Neutralization reaction
• pH scale (basic idea only, no logarithms)
• Importance of pH in everyday life

Important Compounds (Preparation, Properties & Uses):

• Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
• Bleaching Powder
• Baking Soda (NaHCO₃)
• Washing Soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O)
• Plaster of Paris (CaSO₄·½H₂O)

3. Metals and Non-metals

• Physical and chemical properties
• Reactivity series
• Ionic compounds:
  • Formation
  • Properties
• Basic metallurgical processes
• Corrosion and its prevention

4. Carbon and Its Compounds

• Covalent bonding:
  • Formation
  • Properties
• Versatile nature of carbon
• Hydrocarbons:
  • Saturated (alkanes)
  • Unsaturated (alkenes, alkynes)
• Homologous series

Nomenclature:

• Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
• Functional groups:
  • Halogens
  • Alcohols
  • Aldehydes
  • Ketones

Chemical Properties:

• Combustion
• Oxidation
• Addition reactions
• Substitution reactions

Important Compounds:

• Ethanol (properties & uses)
• Ethanoic acid (properties & uses)
• Soaps and detergents

Theme 2: The World of the Living

Unit II: World of Living

1. Life Processes

• Concept of living beings
• Basic processes:
  • Nutrition
  • Respiration
  • Transport
  • Excretion (in plants and animals)

2. Control and Coordination

In Plants:

• Tropic movements
• Plant hormones (introduction)

In Animals:

• Nervous system
• Types of actions:
  • Voluntary
  • Involuntary
  • Reflex actions
• Chemical coordination:
  • Animal hormones

3. Reproduction

• In plants and animals:
  • Asexual reproduction
  • Sexual reproduction
• Reproductive health:
  • Importance of family planning
  • Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS
  • Women’s health & childbearing

4. Heredity

• Basic concept of heredity
• Mendel’s laws of inheritance
• Sex determination (introductory level)

Theme 3: Natural Phenomena

Unit III: Light

1. Reflection of Light

• Reflection by curved surfaces
• Spherical mirrors:
  • Centre of curvature
  • Principal axis
  • Principal focus
  • Focal length
• Mirror formula (no derivation)
• Magnification

2. Refraction of Light

• Laws of refraction
• Refractive index

3. Lenses

• Refraction through spherical lenses
• Image formation
• Lens formula (no derivation)
• Magnification
• Power of a lens

4. Human Eye & Optical Phenomena

• Structure and functioning of the human eye
• Defects of vision and correction
• Applications of mirrors and lenses

5. Optical Effects

• Refraction through prism
• Dispersion of light
• Scattering of light
• Applications in daily life

Theme 4: How Things Work

Unit IV: Effects of Current

1. Electricity

• Electric current & potential difference
• Ohm’s Law
• Resistance & resistivity
• Factors affecting resistance

2. Electric Circuits

• Series combination of resistors
• Parallel combination of resistors
• Applications in daily life

3. Heating Effect of Current

• Heating effect
• Applications (e.g., heaters, irons)

4. Electric Power

• Relationship between:
  • Power (P)
  • Voltage (V)
  • Current (I)
  • Resistance (R)

5. Magnetic Effects of Current

• Magnetic field & field lines
• Field due to:
  • Current-carrying conductor
  • Coil/solenoid
• Force on conductor
• Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

6. AC and DC

• Direct current (DC)
• Alternating current (AC)
• Frequency of AC
• Advantages of AC over DC

7. Domestic Electric Circuits

• Household wiring basics
• Safety measures

Theme 5: Natural Resources

Unit V: Environment

1. Our Environment

• Ecosystem
• Environmental problems
• Ozone layer depletion

2. Waste Management

• Waste production
• Solutions
• Biodegradable vs non-biodegradable substances

Practicals

Practical work goes hand-in-hand with theory lessons. Here’s the list of experiments:

1. pH Testing: Test pH of HCl, NaOH, Ethanoic acid, Lemon juice, Water, etc.
2. Properties of Acids/Bases: Reactions with litmus, zinc, sodium carbonate.
3. Types of Reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double Displacement.
4. Reactivity Series: Zn, Fe, Cu, Al with salt solutions.
5. Ohm’s Law: Voltage vs. Current graph, Resistance.
6. Resistors: Series and Parallel combinations.
7. Stomata: Temporary leaf peel mount.
8. Respiration: Show CO₂ release.
9. Ethanoic Acid Properties: Odour, solubility, litmus test, reaction with NaHCO₃.
10. Soap Cleaning: Soft vs. Hard water.
11. Focal Length: Concave mirror and Convex lens.
12. Refraction: Light through a glass slab.
13. Reproduction: Binary fission (Amoeba), Budding (Yeast, Hydra).
14. Prism: Path of light.
15. Dicot Seed: Identify embryo parts (e.g., pea).

Question Paper Design (Theory)

Total Marks: 80

• Question Types: Objective (MCQs), Assertion-Reasoning, Short Answer (SA), Long Answer (LA), Case-based questions.
• Internal Choice: About 33% of the paper.

Internal Assessment (20 Marks)

• Periodic Tests: 5 + 5 = 10 marks
• Practical Work: 5 marks
• Portfolio: 5 marks

Prescribed Books

• Science Textbooks (Class X) – NCERT
• Laboratory Manuals (Class X) – NCERT
• Exemplar Problems (Class X) – NCERT
• Assessment of Practical Skills (Class X) – CBSE

Best Study Tips for CBSE Class 10 Science

Stick to NCERT – Most board exam questions are from NCERT.
Understand Key Concepts – Focus on clarity, not just memorization.
Solve PYQs – Practice previous year questions for pattern insights.
Revise Regularly – Make quick notes for last-minute revision.

Bonus: CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions & Answers

Download CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27 PDF

Click the button below to download the official CBSE syllabus PDF for 2026-27.

📂 Download CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus PDF

🔍 Related Guides

• CBSE Class 10 English Language & Literature Syllabus 2026-27
• CBSE Class 10 Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27
• CBSE Class 10 Social Science Syllabus 2026-27

Stay Updated!

Join our Telegram/WhatsApp group for CBSE updates, free notes, and exam tips!

Bookmark this page & keep revising smartly!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Related posts:

CBSE Class 10 SST Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Hindi A Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Hindi B Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Computer Applications Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 English Syllabus 2026-27: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2026-27: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern